What is Training In Sports? Training Methods in Sports II Training in Sports In Physical Education.

Training In Sports 

             Every human being is born with some inborn talent, some abilities, a great potential for train-ability and learning. Our motor, mental and intellectual traits may not bloom fully if w don't get enough opportunity to interact with the environment in different ways to play, to acquire motor, performance and communicative skills, to imbibe customs, tradition and adapt modes, etiquette and manners of the society around us, to learn to stand on our own feet, so on and so forth.

        The moment a child born, his training begins, he is trained to feed on mother's breast and as a child he is trained for toilet, as a teenager he is trained to be a cricketer or a footballer and as an adolescent he is also trained to be a cricketer or a footballer and as an adolescent he is also trained to be an adult. Training is important because it socializes and humanizes man and brings discipline in his life. No one how-so-genetically- talented can dream of becoming an Olympic player without right training for the sports and hard work.

Strength- Definition, Types And Methods 

 Strength training is one of the most important aspects of physical fitness. This factor influences of dilates the performance efficiency of an individual in different areas of sports and games. Strength is the ability of an individual to exert forces, this in turn depends upon the strength requirements of a sport.

Types of Strength

      There are Three Types of strength called maximum strength, strength endurance and elastic strength. 

1. Maximum Strength
2. Strength Endurance
3. Elastic Strength

1. Maximum Strength

      It is ability of muscle to get over resistance of maximum intensity of stimulus in a single muscular contraction. by this strength, we mean the maximum strength our body systems can exert in a single effort. For example in competitions like weightlifting, discus, shot-put and hammer throws in track and filed. 

2. Strength Endurance 

     This strength is defined as the capacity of an individual to main strength for a long period of time. It is ability of a muscle to get over resistance of medium intensity of stimulus for a long time as possible. In swimming, long distance races in track and field, wrestling, boxing, cycling etc.

3. Elastic Strength 

         It is the ability of muscles to overcome a particular with high speed of contraction. The role of neuro-muscular co-ordination is very important because in this case, the contracting of muscles and employment of reflexes at a time is very important in this strength. For example, in explosive sports like shot-put, discus throw, long jumps, hitting in hockey, smashing in volleyball etc.

     

        Thus we can say that the only way by which the strength of the muscles can be developed is by exercising them against gradually increasing external force or resistance which may take the shape of weights, throwing implements, water, air, momentum, the athlete's own weight and so on.

 Strength Improving Methods/ Exercises 

     Strength - developing exercise have grater value for the young athletes, for the young athletes, for they do not relate closely to the sports technique movement and are good for warming-up and conditioning. Training programme may be divided into three general categories corresponding to three types of muscles contractions, isometric, Isotopic and iso-kinetic methods. 

1. Isometric Exercises 

   
           Muscle is said to contract isometrically when its length does not change. An isometric strength training programme is based on the notion of contracting a muscle at a fixed angle against an immovable object, using an isometric contraction. An "isometric exercise is a contraction performed against a fixed or immovable resistance, when tension is developed in the muscle but there is no change in the length of the muscle or angle of the joint"
            A muscle contracts isometrically when it attempts to shorten but does not overcome the resistance, therefore, shorting of the muscle and movement of the body segment fail to occur. Isometric muscular activity is frequently but mistakenly thought of as maximum force of contraction, because people generally use tension-meter and dynamometer tests to evaluate maximum strength in a specific area of joint action. However, the ability to balance on one foot, to push a concrete wall or a road-roller, to maintain an upright positive, to counter the hammer's pull in the turns, or to hold a vertical alignment of shoulder/hip at long jump takeoff are all examples of static contraction.

       During static muscular activity, the force expressed by the athlete equals the force expressed by the resistance.In other words, the greater the resistance, the greater the strength